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HERRENKNECHT AG | UTILITY TUNNELLING | TRAFFIC TUNNELLING
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Mechanized tunnelling as key technology in heterogeneous ground
conditions
Dr. Ulrich Rehm, geotechnics – research and development, Herrenknecht AG.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Geological challenges: mixed face conditions
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Geological challenges: blocky rock conditions
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Geological challenges: blocky and weathered rock
conditions
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Geological challenges: sticky, gassy, unhealthy
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
For each Geology the right TBM
EPB
softrock
SlurryHydro
gripper
single-shield
hardrock
double-shield
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
application range for softground TBM
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Particle Size Distribution EPB Shields
Fine
Clay
Clay
100
90
Fine-Fine
Sieve Size
Silt
Silt
Medium
Sand
Sand
Medium
CoarseFineCoarse- Fine-
Medium
FineFine-
Coarse
Coarse
Medium
Gravel
Gravel
Coarse
Coarse
Medium
Medium
Earth Pressure Balance Operation
(EPB Mode)
Percentage Passing
80
70
Taipei
60
Valencia
50
Botelk
40
30
Mixshield Operation
(Slurry Mode)
20
10
0
0,001 0,002 0,006
0,02
0,06
0,2
0,6
Particle size in mm
2,0
6,0
20,0
60,0
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
EPB-Shield.
Operation Principle.
1. Tunnel face
2. Cutting wheel
1
8
3. Excavation chamber
4. Pressure bulkhead
5. Thrust cylinders
4
7
2
6
6. Screw conveyor
7. Segment erector
3
8. Segmental Lining
5
EPB-SHIELD.
MODE: SLURRY / CLOSED.
slurry
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
EPB-SHIELD.
MODE: SEMI CLOSED / OPEN.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
OPEN TO CLOSED.
slurry mode
slurry
semi closed mode
open mode
decreasing face stability
closed mode
decreasing water pressure
EPB-SHIELD.
FOUR MODI:
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
EPB shield
soil treatment with foam
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
EPB shield machine
with “mechanical plug”
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Chengdu Metro Line 1.
Geology.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Wear protection on the srcew conveyer
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Hydroshield / Mixshield.
Operation principle.
1. Submerged wall
3
2. Working chamber
1
3. Compressed air
4. Pressure bulkhead
4
2
Hydroshield / Mixshield.
Mode.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Hydroshield Technology.
Stone-crusher.
roller crusher
jaw crusher
Hydroshield.
Filter cake.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Hydroshield.
Separation techniques.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Hydroshield.
Separation techniques.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Paris. Socatop.
Konvertible shield. EPB and Slurry in One.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Hallandsas/Schweden. Slurry and Hardrock.
Highest design pressure15 bar.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Additional ground treatment
and physical probing.
Drilling through shield skin for: Injection, Drainage, Exploration
Annulus gap grouting.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Wire brush 2
Wire brush 1
Wire brush 3
grout
Tail skin
segment
grout
Tail skin sealing grease
Tail skin sealing grease
Single Gripper-TBM:
S-155 Tscharner, ∅ 9,53 m
Double Gripper-TBM:
S-96 TBM 3000, ∅ 3,00 m
Shielded-TBM with articulation joint:
S-163 Sörenberg, ∅ 4,56 m
Double Shield-TBM:
S-153 La Réunion, ∅ 3,80 m
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Hard Rock TBMs.
TBM without shield.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Double- Gripper TBM.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Double- Gripper TBM.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Single Gripper TBM.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Gripper-TBM.
Tunnel support area L1.
1 cutterhead
2 front shield
3 ring beam erector
4 anchor drilling device
5 wire mesh erector
2
5
1
4
3
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Gripper-TBM.
Tunnel support area L1.
Probe drilling ahead
Roof bolting, rock anchors
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Single Gripper TBM
Rock Support Devices
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Gripper-TBM.
Rock support.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Gripper-TBM.
Wire mesh erector L1.
Ring beam erector
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Gripper-TBM.
Tunnel support L2.
Sprayed concrete support 60 m
behind cutterhead.
Gripper-TBM.
Sprayed concrete robot.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Gripper-TBM.
Tunnel support L2.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Single Gripper TBM
Front shield
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
34km Railway tunnel Loetschberg
Best daily performance rates:
50,1m/18h Lot Raron
43m/18h Lot Steg
Daily Performance June 2002 [m]
50,0
40,0
30,0
20,0
10,0
0,0
1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
Tagesleistung [m]
21
23
25
27
29
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Gotthard - Basistunnel.
Schema Tunnelsysteme
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Gotthard - Basistunnel.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Transport.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Modular parts.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Modular parts. Access tunnel.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Assembly cavern.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Jobsite Metro Barcelona
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Assembly in small shaft.
Vienna.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Hard Rock TBMs.
TBM-S with shield.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Nightmare: kastic, squeezing, blocky rock
conditions
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
ISIS : Seismic probing to detect carsts
receiver
Hammer
1
measurement
Front
reciever
2
measurement
Invert/side wall
Geo-radar, 3 modes
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Cutterhead design.
overcut.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Additional grouting through segments.
grout
karst
Ring gap
segment
Grout port
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
karst withinkarst
alignment
withinalignment
access beside TBM
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
karst within karst
alignment
within
alignment
access through TBM
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Temporary
passing
support
with
of karst
TBM zone
Double Shield Hard Rock TBM
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Double Shield TBM.
Telescope shield.
Thrust cylinders / open telescope
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Túneles de Guadarrama, Spain.
High-speed track Madrid - Segovia.
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Herrenknecht Double Shield TBM S-201.
Attacking the North Side
Diameter:
9,510mm
Cutterhead power: 4,200kW
Tunnel length:
14,500m
Thrust:
105.363 kN
Geology:
Granite, weathered
granite
Contractor:
ACS Proyectos Obras y
Construcciones S.A.
FCC Construccion S.A.
Ferrovial Agroman S.A.
Cutting process
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Cutter Data Base
improved economical use of cutters
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Control cabin
basis to overcome difficult ground conditions
PRAGUE | JUNE 2008
Let‘s move the future...
Mechanized tunnelling as key technology in heterogeneous ground
conditions
Dr. Ulrich Rehm, geotechnics – research and development, Herrenknecht AG.
www.herrenknecht.de

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