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Biologicky aktivní metabolity sinic
,-
H2N
OH
NH
2
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0
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2 C
0
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1
N
NH
C OOH
O
H3C
O
NH
NH
NH
O
O
O
H3C
H3C
O
H3C
Cyanopeptoliny (cyanopeptoliny, micropeptiny,
aeruginopeptiny, microcystilidy, planktopeptiny, oscillapeptiny,
anabaenopeptilidy, oscillapeptilidy, nostopeptiny)
CH3
O
CH3
NH
OH
O
C H3
cca 60 strukturních variant
HO
C H3
H 3C
Microviridiny
Cca 15
strukturních
variant
.
NH
H 3C
N
O
O
H 3C
O
NH
0
NH
O
E
NH
OH
HO
NH
H C
3
&
NH
HO
O
HO
4##
0
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NH
N
NH
O
0
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NH 2
O
NH
H3C
NH
NH2
CH3 CH3 O
N
O
H3C
O
O
Microgininy (microgininy,
radiosuminy, camabiny, oscillagininy)
cca 30 strukturních variant
COOH
O
CH3
OH
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2
OH
NH
NH
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NH
OH
Aeruginosiny (aeruginosiny,
suomilid, spumiginy, microciny)
cca 30 strukturních variant
OH
2 &
'
2 I " 0
1
&
O
NH
H C
3
E
ZZZ
.
Anabaenopeptiny
(anabaenopeptiny,
nodulapeptiny, oscillamidy,
ferintoic acid)
cca 20 strukturních variant
NH
NH
O
.
.
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4
Biologicky aktivní metabolity sinic
H3 C
N
N
NH
NH
CH2
CH3
O
O
N
H3C
S
H3 C
H3 C
NH
N
CH3
S
Malevamidy
cca 3 strukturní varianty
H
N
O
N
O
Aplysiatoxin
S
NH
O
Biologicky aktivní metabolity sinic
O
H3 C
N
Lyngbyatoxin
Cl
H2C
geosmin
12-epi-hapalindol E isonitril
OH
N
)#* !
CH3
O
mueggelone
H
N
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CH3
S
O
O
+
O
Microcoliny a miramibidy
cca 10 strukturních variant
S
H3C
CH3
O
( #
N
Mirabizol
CH3
CH3
'!
S
N
CH3
Dendroamidy (microcyclamide,
cca 5 dalších hepta, octa a
banyascyclamide, tenuecyclamide, nonapeptid
westiellamide, nostocyclamide)
cca 13 strukturních variant
&
CH3
N
-
O
calothrixin A
glykolipidy
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Location (source)
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1
Location (source)
Year
;
Cyanobacteria
1931
USA, Ohio river
Microcystis
?
Gastroenteritis, abdominal
pain, vomiting
19601965
Zimbabwe, Harare
Microcystis
?
Gastroenteritis
1975
USA, Pennsylvania
Australia, Palm
Island
?
Cylindrospermopis
CYN
Gastroenteritis, liver, kidney
and intestine damage
1981
Australia, Armidale
Microcystis
MC
Liver damage
China
Microcystis
MC
Colorectal cancer, deaths
19721990
China
Microcystis
MC
Primary liver cancer, deaths
1988
Brazil, Itaparica dam
Microcystis, Anabaena
?
Gastroenteritis, diarrhoea,
deaths
1994
Sweden, Malmö
Planktothrix
MC
Gastroenteritis, fevers,
abdominal and muscular pain
!" #
'!
( #
'(
Location (source)
)#* !
1
Year
Canada, Saskatchewan
Microcystis, Anabaena
circinalis
?
Headache, nausea, muscular pain,
vomiting, diarrhoea,
1980-1981
USA, Pennsylvania and
Nevada
Aphanizomenon,
Anabaena
?
Eye and ear irritation, flu like
symptoms
1989
UK, England,
Stafordshire
Microcystis
MC
Gastroenteritis, sore throat, blistered
mouth, vomiting, abdominal
pain, fever, pulmonary
consolidation, diarrhoea
Australia
Microcystis, Anabaena,
Aphanizomenon,
Nodularia
?
Gastroenteritis, flu like symptoms,
blistered mouth, fever, eye and
ear irritation, vomiting,
diarrhoea
1995
1996
UK
Planktothrix
MC
Rashes, fever
1996-1998
Australia (coastal sea)
Lyngbya
?
Contact dermatitis, eye and ear
irritation, respiratory irritation
2002-2003
Finland
Anabaena
lemmermannii
STX
Fever, eye irritation, abdominal pain,
rashes
$%
!" #
&
0 1
Toxi
n
Health outcomes
1959
$
;
Cyanobacteria
1
Recreational/occupational water contact
Gastroenteritis
19771996
&
1
Toxi
n
Year
Schizotrix, Lyngbya,
Phormidium
$%
$
Health outcomes
Drinking water
1979
'!
1
Toxin
7 6
'
$%
$
Cyanobacteria
"
8
'!
'(
( #
1
)#* !
$%
$
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0!
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Health outcomes
$
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.
.
"
1
"
0
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Q_
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$
Haemodialysis
E
1974
USA, Washington
Present
LPS
Fever, myalgia, chills, vomiting
1996
Brazil, Caruaru
Present
MC,
CYN
Visual disturbance, tinitus, nausea,
vomiting, liver damage, deaths
2001
Brazil, Rio de Janeiro
Anabaena, Microcystis
MC
Visual disturbance, tinitus, nausea,
vomiting, liver damage
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