Photonic biosignals: applications

Photonic biosignals:
measurement, mechanisms and potential
applications
Michal Cifra
Institute of Photonics and Electronics
The Czech Academy of Sciences
DNA Analýza XII, 11. června 2015
www.ufe.cz
Bioelectrodynamics – team members & funding
http://bioed.ufe.cz/
Smartbrain, s.r.o.
2015 – 2017 - Radiofrequency characterization of microtubules using micro- and
nanosensors
2013 – 2015 - Photonic Biosignals: measurement and characterization
2011 – 2013 - Measurement and analysis of signals from nanostructures
2010 – 2012 – (Postdoc project) Measurement and Analysis of Local Electric Oscillations
and Optical Emission of Biomolecular Nanostructures
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DNA Analýza XII, 11. června 2015
Bioelectrodynamics research team
VISION
discover novel paths to future electrodynamic and
electronic therapeutic and diagnostic methods in
biotechnology and medicine
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DNA Analýza XII, 11. června 2015
Bioelectrodynamics research team
Microtubule EM
properties
Radiofrequency
biosignals
Simulations
Sensors
Characterization
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DNA Analýza XII, 11. června 2015
Measurement
Photonic
biosignals
Models
Measurement
Applications&
hypothesis
Bioelectronics
Cell signaling
Bioelectrodynamics - biomaterial under study
BIOMOLECULES
■ amino acids
■ proteins: tubulin
■ protein nanostructures: microtubules
CELLS
■ yeast cells (S. cerevisiae and their mutants)
■ tissue cultures (HMVECad, NIH3T3, cancer cells: HL60)
■ blood cells (neutrophils, lymphocytes)
ORGANISMS
■ seedlings
■ human
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DNA Analýza XII, 11. června 2015
Photonic biosignals: definition
■ optical radiation from biomaterials undergoing oxidative
metabolism or oxidative stress
■ wavelength range at least 300 – 700 nm
■ intensity 1-1000 photons cm-2 s-1
■ synonyma:
■ ultra-weak photon emission
■ weak bio/chemiluminescence
■ biological autoluminescence
■ biophotons
■ photonic biosignals
■ UPE is not photoluminescence (fluorescence/phosphorescence)
neither bioluminescence
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DNA Analýza XII, 11. června 2015
Photonic biosignals: measurement
Object
Detector
Signal
Imaging
+ spatial resolution
+ higher quantum efficiency (60 %– 95 %)
- signal integration needed > 15 min
Photon
counting
+ high temporal resolution
- no spatial resolution (but there are 2D PMTs !)
- lower quantum efficiency (10 %– 40 %) than CCD camera
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DNA Analýza XII, 11. června 2015
Photon generating processes in cells
 Source of biological photon emission: oxidative and free
radical biochemical reactions
 Chemiluminescence with quantum yield 10-5 -10-6
[A] + [B] → [P*] → [P] + photon
Energy level E1
Energy level E0
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DNA Analýza XII, 11. června 2015
electron
-
photon
Photon generating processes in cells
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DNA Analýza XII, 11. června 2015
Photonic biosignals: our results
OPTIMIZED MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS
QUANTITATIVE MODELS
ELECTRON EXCITED SPECIES
WAVELENGTH
triplet excited carbonyls
350 – 550 nm
singlet excited pigments
360 – 560, 680 – 740 nm melanin, chlorofyl
triplet excited pigments
870-1000 nm chlorofyl
dimolar singlet oxygen
634 nm, 703 nm
monomolar singlet oxygen
1270 nm
Cifra and Pospíšil: Ultra-weak photon emission from biological samples: Definition, mechanisms, properties, detection and applications.
Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 2014, 139, 2-10
10 DNA Analýza XII, 11. června 2015
Photonic biosignals: our results
CHEMILUMINESCENCE
SIGNALS FROM
PROTEINS
SPECTRAL ANALYSIS
Leukemic cells
(HL60)
tubulin
yeast S. Cerevisiae
microtubules
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SIGNAL ANALYSIS OF
PHOTON TIME SERIES
Photonic biosignals: applications
PERSPECTIVE DIAGNOSTICS OF OXIDATIVE PROCESSES AND STRESS
■ non-invasive
■ almost real-time
■ low operation costs
■ label-free
AGRICULTURE
BIOMEDICINE (DERMATOLOGY)
■ herbicide efficiency testing
■ skin damage diagnostics
■ drought and salt stress
evaluation
■ sun lotion testing
Cifra and Pospíšil: Ultra-weak photon emission from biological samples: Definition, mechanisms, properties, detection and applications.
Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 2014, 139, 2-10
12 Bioelektrodynamika - Den Světla v ÚFE, 5. června 2015
Photonic biosignals: applications
HUMAN MEDICINE
CANCER RESEARCH
Actively growing tumors -> increased intensity
Photo
Photonic biosignal
intensity
IR radiation
(3.5 - 5 μm)
Kobayashi, Masaki, Daisuke Kikuchi, and Hitoshi Okamura.
"Imaging of ultraweak spontaneous photon emission from human
body displaying diurnal rhythm." PLoS one 4.7 (2009): e6256.
Takeda, Motohiro, et al. "Biophoton detection as a novel technique
for cancer imaging." Cancer science 95.8 (2004): 656-661.
NEUROSCIENCE
Brain slice – photonic biosignal
Tang, Rendong, and Jiapei Dai. "Spatiotemporal imaging of
glutamate-induced biophotonic activities and transmission in neural
circuits." PloS one 9.1 (2014).
Van Wijk, Roeland, et al. "Towards whole-body ultra-weak photon
counting and imaging with a focus on human beings: A review." Journal
of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 139 (2014): 39-46.
13 Biophysical Society - Czech Republic Networking Event, 12th June 2015
Summary
PHOTONIC BIOSIGNALS
■ relaxation of chemically excited electron states of bio/molecules
generated endogenously in biosystems
■ chemical electron excitation due to oxidative reactions with biomolecules
■ diagnostics of oxidative metabolism and oxidative stress processes
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Thank you for attention
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